Learn about brain fog: what it is, common causes, and treatments.
Have you ever walked into a room and forgotten why? Or lost your train of thought mid-sentence? These moments can be frustrating, but they’re common – and often referred to as ‘brain fog’.
Brain fog is when you temporarily feel forgetful or unclear. This experience can be caused by many different things, some of which can be easily remedied.
This guide will explore more about:
What brain fog is
What may cause it
What you can do about it
When to get help
What is brain fog?
It’s important to remember that ‘brain fog’ is not a medical diagnosis. Rather, it’s a term people use to describe feeling unusually unfocussed.
Brain fog is often temporary. It might signal an underlying medical issue, or simply that you’re tired or hungry.
If you have persistent issues with brain fog, ask your doctor about what may be causing it.
What does brain fog feel like?
It can involve:
Poor coordination
Slow thinking or reaction times
Forgetfulness or memory loss
Myths about brain fog
Occasional brain fog isn’t something to panic about.
Let’s bust a few myths:
Myth 1: Brain fog means I’m getting dementia
Brain fog is temporary and can have many causes unrelated to dementia or cognitive decline.
Myth 2: Brain fog is just part of getting older
Anyone can experience it. Though it's common to experience some memory problems with age, brain fog is not a guaranteed part of ageing. It often signals the need to rest or check in with your health.
Myth 3: There’s nothing I can do about brain fog
Many things can help, including simple steps like resting, eating nourishing food, staying hydrated, or talking to friends.
Myth 4: It must be serious if it’s happening more often
Not necessarily. It could be your body’s way of saying you need a break or better self-care. Still, if brain fog persists, speak with your doctor. If a medical condition is causing it, a healthcare professional can help you manage this.
What causes brain fog?
Feeling foggy now and then is normal. This is because your brain is sensitive to many health and lifestyle factors.
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Stress and poor mental health
Chronic stress and anxiety can affect your ability to think clearly. It’s associated with increased risk of mild cognitive impairment, and even dementia.
Stressful events such as major life changes, social isolation, or caregiving burnout can overwhelm your mind and negatively impact your thinking skills.
You can do yourself a favour by finding ways to destress and unwind, and by reaching out for mental health support when you need it.
Poor nutrition or dehydration
Lack of nutrients, skipping meals, or not drinking enough water can affect your ability to think.
Some nutrients like iron, B vitamins, and omega 3 fatty acids are important to brain health, so deficiencies can affect how well your brain works. Inadequate intake of vitamin D, magnesium, or folate has also been seen to affect cognitive performance in older adults.
Some medications may affect how alert you feel. This can especially be the case if you take multiple different medications.
Check in with your doctor if you’re unsure about any side-effects of your medication.
Alcohol side-effects
Excessive alcohol consumption can give you brain fog. And it doesn’t always stop at hangovers the next day! Over time, too much alcohol can impair your brain function.
Health conditions
Persistent brain fog can be a sign of an underlying health condition. A doctor or health professional can help you investigate and treat the cause.
Here are some health conditions or illnesses that may cause brain fog:
Thyroid issues
Diabetes
Rheumatoid arthritis
Autoimmune diseases
Infection
Chronic pain
Menopause
COVID-19 or long COVID
Sometimes, brain fog may be treatable with a simple remedy – such as the right antibiotic, prescribed by your doctor.
Sometimes, you might need to be patient and kind to yourself until it passes. Knowing what’s causing your brain fog can help with that.
When to seek medical advice?
Remember, occasional brain fog is normal.
Think of it as your body letting you know that you need something – be it more rest, water, food, social connection, or some other kind of care.
See your doctor if you can’t identify the cause of your brain fog, it keeps happening, or it’s affecting daily activities.
You should also talk to your doctor if you experience:
Worsening memory
Frequent confusion
Difficulty with everyday tasks and daily life
It’s always okay to ask for help. The sooner you act, the easier it may be to manage a health condition.
Self-check questions for clearer thinking
Ask yourself the following:
When did I last drink water or eat something?
It’s important for your brain that you drink plenty of water and eat regular, balanced meals.
When did I last move my body?
Stay active with gentle exercise. Regular exercise is shown to improve memory. Consider doing some gentle and mindful movement, like Tai Chi or chair yoga.
When did I last try something new or challenging?
Keep your mind engaged with activities that stimulate your brain, like learning new skills. This will help keep your brain healthy and in good working order. You could try learning a craft, language, or musical instrument.
When did I last see a friend or connect socially?
Your brain, body, and overall health will benefit from staying socially connected. Reach out to people you like and go to social events, especially if you live alone.
Have I been feeling overwhelmed?
Take a moment to focus on your breath. Observe your thoughts and feelings (emotional and physical) without judgement. This practice is called mindfulness. Mindfulness practices are shown to improve mental health and thinking skills.
How well have I been sleeping?
If you slept poorly or not enough last night, consider taking a nap or resting when you can today. Assess your bedtime routine to see if you can improve the quality of your sleep.
While it may feel unsettling, brain fog is often manageable. Whether it’s treating the root cause or making small adjustments to help you remember things, there’ll be something you can do.
Brain fog is not a decline; it’s a signal. It’s your body asking for something, so pay attention. Just remember to be kind to yourself and reach out for support when you need it.
If you need more information about healthy ageing, don’t hesitate to get in touch with one of our helpful navigators on 1800 951 971.
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LiveUp provides free information to help you make informed decisions about your health. This information is for general and educational purposes only, is not intended to provide a comprehensive guide, and does not replace medical advice. Everyone is different, so some of these tips may work better for you than others. You should use your own judgment and seek medical advice when applying this information to yourself, to determine if it is suitable in your circumstances. Your use of, or reliance on, this information is solely at your own risk. Independent Living Assessment Incorporated is not responsible or liable for any injury, loss, or damage caused as a result of your use of, or reliance on, this information.
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